Porownanie Albania (2008) - Albania (2002)
Porownanie Albania (2008) z Albania (2002)
Pokaz tylko zmiany
Pokaz tylko zmiany
| Albania (2008) | Albania (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Podzial administracyjny | 12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Berat, Diber, Durres, Elbasan, Fier, Gjirokaster, Korce, Kukes, Lezhe, Shkoder, Tirane, Vlore | 12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Qarku i Beratit, Qarku i Dibres, Qarku i Durresit, Qarku i Elbasanit, Qarku i Fierit, Qarku i Gjirokastres, Qarku i Korces, Qarku i Kukesit, Qarku i Lezhes, Qarku i Shkodres, Qarku i Tiranes, Qarku i Vlores |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 24.1% (male 454,622/female 413,698)
15-64 years: 66.6% (male 1,228,497/female 1,170,489) 65 years and over: 9.3% (male 154,352/female 178,865) (2007 est.) |
0-14 years: 28.8% (male 528,678; female 493,531)
15-64 years: 64% (male 1,094,034; female 1,175,024) 65 years and over: 7.2% (male 111,524; female 142,050) (2002 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets, grapes; meat, dairy products | wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets, grapes; meat, dairy products |
| Lotniska | 11 (2007) | 11 (2001) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2007) |
total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2002) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 8
over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 4 (2007) |
total: 8
over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 4 (2002) |
| Terytorium | total: 28,748 sq km
land: 27,398 sq km water: 1,350 sq km |
total: 28,748 sq km
land: 27,398 sq km water: 1,350 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly smaller than Maryland | slightly smaller than Maryland |
| Tlo historyczne | Albania declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire w 1912, but was conquered by Wlochy w 1939. Communist partizans took over the country w 1944. Albania allied itself first z the USSR (until 1960), and then z Chiny (to 1978). In the early 1990s, Albania ended 46 years of xenophobic Communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. The transition has proven challenging as successive governments have tried to deal z high unemployment, widespread corruption, a dilapidated physical infrastructure, powerful organized crime networks, and combative political opponents. Albania has made progress w its democratic development since first holding multiparty elections w 1991, but deficiencies remain. International observers judged elections to be largely free and fair since the restoration of political stability following the collapse of pyramid schemes w 1997. In the 2005 general elections, the Democratic Party and its allies won a decisive victory on pledges of reducing crime and corruption, promoting economic growth, and decreasing the size of government. The election, and particularly the orderly transition of power, was considered an important step forward. Although Albania's economy continues to grow, the country is still one of the poorest w Europe, hampered by a large informal economy and an inadequate energy and transportation infrastructure. Albania has played a largely helpful role w managing inter-ethnic tensions w southeastern Europe, and is continuing to work toward joining NATO and the EU. Albania, z troops w Irak and Afganistan, has been a strong supporter of the global war on terrorism. | In 1990 Albania ended 44 years of xenophobic communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. The transition has proven difficult as corrupt governments have tried to deal z high unemployment, a dilapidated infrastructure, widespread gangsterism, and disruptive political opponents. International observers judged local elections w 2001 to be acceptable and a step toward democratic development, but identified serious deficiencies which should be addressed through reforms w the Albanian electoral code. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 15.16 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 18.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $2.752 billion
expenditures: $3.129 billion (2007 est.) |
revenues: $697 million
expenditures: $1.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $368 million (2002 est.) |
| Stolica | name: Tirana (Tirane)
geographic coordinates: 41 19 N, 19 49 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday w marzec; ends last Sunday w pazdziernik |
Tirana |
| Klimat | mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter | mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter |
| Linia brzegowa | 362 km | 362 km |
| Konstytucja | adopted by popular referendum on 22 listopad 1998; promulgated 28 listopad 1998 | a constitution was adopted by popular referendum on 28 listopad 1998; note - the opposition Democratic Party boycotted the vote |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Republic of Albania
conventional short form: Albania local long form: Republika e Shqiperise local short form: Shqiperia former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania |
conventional long form: Republic of Albania
conventional short form: Albania local long form: Republika e Shqiperise local short form: Shqiperia former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania |
| Waluta | - | lek (ALL) |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 5.33 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 6.49 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $1.55 billion (2004) | $784 million (2000) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. John L. WITHERS, II
embassy: Rruga e Elbasanit, Labinoti #103, Tirana mailing address: US Department of State, 9510 Tirana Place, Dulles, VA 20189-9510 telephone: [355] (4) 247285 FAX: [355] (4) 232222 |
chief of mission: Ambassador James F. JEFFREY
embassy: Rruga Elbasanit, Labinoti #103, Tirana mailing address: U. S. Department of State, 9510 Tirana Place, Washington, DC 20521-9510 telephone: [355] (4) 247285 FAX: [355] (4) 232222 |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Aleksander SALLABANDA
chancery: 2100 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4942 FAX: [1] (202) 628-7342 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Fatos TARIFA
chancery: 2100 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4942 FAX: [1] (202) 628-7342 |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | the Albanian Government calls dla the protection of the rights of ethnic Albanians w neighboring countries, and the peaceful resolution of interethnic disputes; some ethnic Albanian groups w neighboring countries advocate dla a "greater Albania," but the idea has little appeal among Albanian nationals; the mass emigration of unemployed Albanians remains a problem dla developed countries, chiefly Grecja and Wlochy | the Albanian Government supports protection of the rights of ethnic Albanians outside of its borders w the Kosowo region of Federalna Republika Jugoslawii and w the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia while continuing to seek regional cooperation; many Albanians illegally transit neighboring states to emigrate to western Europe |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | ODA: $318.7 million
note: top donors were Wlochy, EU, Niemcy (2005 est.) |
ODA: $315 million (top donors were Wlochy, EU, Niemcy) (2000 est.) |
| Ekonomia | Lagging behind its Balkan neighbors, Albania is making the difficult transition to a more modern open-market economy. The government has taken measures to curb violent crime, and recently adopted a fiscal reform package aimed at reducing the large gray economy and attracting foreign investment. The economy is bolstered by annual remittances from abroad of $600-$800 million, mostly from Albanians residing w Grecja and Wlochy; this helps offset the towering trade deficit. Agriculture, which accounts dla more than one-fifth of Produkt krajowy brutto, is held back because of lack of modern equipment, unclear property rights, and the prevalence of small, inefficient plots of land. Energy shortages and antiquated and inadequate infrastructure contribute to Albania's poor business environment, which make it difficult to attract and sustain foreign investment. The completion of a new thermal power plant near Vlore and improved transmission line between Albania and Czarnogora will help relieve the energy shortages. Also, the government is moving slowly to improve the poor national road and rail network, a long-standing barrier to sustained economic growth. On the positive side, macroeconomic growth was strong w 2003-07 and inflation is low and stable. | Poor and backward by European standards, Albania is making the difficult transition to a more modern open-market economy. The government has taken measures to curb violent crime and to revive economic activity and trade. The economy is bolstered by remittances from abroad of $400-$600 million annually, mostly from Grecja and Wlochy. Agriculture, which accounts dla half of Produkt krajowy brutto, is held back because of frequent drought and the need to modernize equipment and consolidate small plots of land. Severe energy shortages are forcing small firms out of business, increasing unemployment, scaring off foreign investors, and spurring inflation. The government plans to boost energy imports to relieve the shortages. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 3.323 billion kWh (2005) | 5.378 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 300 million kWh (2005) | 100 million kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 371 million kWh (2005) | 1.072 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 5.385 billion kWh (2005) | 4.738 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - zrodla energii | - | fossil fuel: 3%
hydro: 97% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m |
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,753 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents | deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | Albanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Roma (Gypsy), Serb, Macedonian, Bulgarian) (1989 est.)
note: w 1989, other estimates of the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization) |
Albanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Gypsy, Serb, and Bulgarian) (1989 est.)
note: w 1989, other estimates of the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization) |
| Kurs waluty | leke per US dollar - 92.668 (2007), 98.384 (2006), 102.649 (2005), 102.78 (2004), 121.863 (2003) | leke per US dollar - 140.16 (listopad 2001), 143.71 (2000) 137.69 (1999), 150.63 (1998), 148.93 (1997); note - leke is the plural of lek |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President of the Republic Bamir TOPI (since 24 lipiec 2007)
head of government: Prime Minister Sali BERISHA (since 10 wrzesien 2005) cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, nominated by the president, and approved by parliament elections: president elected by the People's Assembly dla a five-year term (eligible dla a second term); four election rounds held between 8 and 20 lipiec 2007 (next election to be held w 2012); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Bamir TOPI elected president; People's Assembly vote, fourth round (three-fifths majority (84 votes) required): Bamir TOPI 85 votes, Neritan CEKA 5 votes |
chief of state: President of the Republic Alfred MOISIU (since 24 lipiec 2002)
head of government: Prime Minister Fatos NANO (since 31 lipiec 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and approved by the president elections: president elected by the People's Assembly dla a five-year term; election last held 24 czerwiec 2002 (next to be held NA czerwiec 2007); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Alfred MOISIU elected president; People's Assembly vote by number - total votes 116, dla 97, against 19 |
| Eksport | 1,240 bbl/day (2004 est.) | $340 million f.o.b. (2002 est.) |
| Eksport - towary | textiles and footwear; asphalt, metals and metallic ores, crude oil; vegetables, fruits, tobacco | textiles and footwear; asphalt, metals and metallic ores, crude oil; vegetables, fruits, tobacco |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Wlochy 67.7%, Federalna Republika Jugoslawii 5.8%, Grecja 5.4% (2006) | Wlochy 71%, Grecja 12%, Niemcy 7%, Jugoslawia 3% (2001) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | red z a black two-headed eagle w the center | red z a black two-headed eagle w the center |
| Produkt krajowy brutto | - | purchasing power parity - $14 billion (2002 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 21.7%
industry: 20.3% services: 58% (2007 est.) |
agriculture: 49%
industry: 27% services: 24% (2002 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $4,500 (2002 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 5% (2007 est.) | 5% (2002 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 41 00 N, 20 00 E | 41 00 N, 20 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea) | strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea) |
| Ladowiska helikopterow | 1 (2007) | 1 (2002) |
| Autostrady | - | total: 18,000 km
paved: 5,400 km unpaved: 12,600 km (1998 est.) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 3.4%
highest 10%: 24.4% (2004) |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Narkotyki | increasingly active transshipment point dla Southwest Asian opiates, hashish, and cannabis transiting the Balkan route and - to a lesser extent - cocaine from South America destined dla Western Europe; limited opium and growing cannabis production; ethnic Albanian narcotrafficking organizations active and expanding w Europe; vulnerable to money laundering associated z regional trafficking w narcotics, arms, contraband, and illegal aliens | increasingly active transshipment point dla Southwest Asian opiates, hashish, and cannabis transiting the Balkan route and - to a far lesser extent - cocaine from South America destined dla Western Europe; limited opium and growing cannabis production; ethnic Albanian narcotrafficking organizations active and rapidly expanding w Europe; vulnerable to money laundering associated z regional trafficking w narcotics, arms, contraband, and illegal aliens |
| Import | 21,600 bbl/day (2005 est.) | $1.5 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals |
| Import - partnerzy | Wlochy 32%, Grecja 17.7%, Turcja 8.1%, Niemcy 5.7% (2006) | Wlochy 32%, Grecja 26%, Turcja 6%, Niemcy 6%, Bulgaria 2% (2001) |
| Niepodleglosc | 28 listopad 1912 (from the Ottoman Empire) | 28 listopad 1912 (from Ottoman Empire) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 2% (2007 est.) | 9% (2000 est.) |
| Przemysl | food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower | food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 20.02 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 20.46 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
38.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflacja | 3% (2007 est.) | 6% (2002 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMIG, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO | ACCT, BSEC, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMIG, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Dostawcy internetu | - | 10 (2001) |
| Nawadniane tereny | 3,530 sq km (2003) | 3,400 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Sadownictwo | Konstytucjaal Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly dla a four-year term), and multiple appeals and district courts | Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly dla a four-year term) |
| Sila robocza | 1.09 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers) (wrzesien 2006 est.) | 1.283 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers and 261,000 domestically unemployed) (2000 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture: 58%
industry: 15% services: 27% (wrzesien 2006 est.) |
agriculture 50%, industry and services 50% |
| Granica | total: 720 km
border countries: Grecja 282 km, Macedonia 151 km, Czarnogora 172 km, Serbia 115 km |
total: 720 km
border countries: Grecja 282 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 151 km, Federalna Republika Jugoslawii 287 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 20.1%
permanent crops: 4.21% other: 75.69% (2005) |
arable land: 21.09%
permanent crops: 4.45% other: 74.46% (1998 est.) |
| Jezyki | Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek, Vlach, Romani, Slavic dialects | Albanian (Tosk is the official dialect), Greek |
| System prawny | has a civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; has accepted jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court dla its citizens | has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral Assembly or Kuvendi (140 seats; 100 members are elected by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 3 lipiec 2005 (next to be held w 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PD 56, PS 42, PR 11, PSD 7, LSI 5, other 19 |
unicameral People's Assembly or Kuvendi Popullor (140 seats; 100 are elected by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote dla four-year terms)
elections: last held 24 czerwiec z subsequent rounds on 8 lipiec, 22 lipiec, 29 lipiec, 19 sierpien 2001 (next to be held NA czerwiec 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PS 41.5%, PD and coalition allies 36.8%, NDP 5.2%, PSD 3.6%, PBDNJ 2.6%, PASH 2.6%, PAD 2.5%; seats by party - PS 73, PD and coalition allies 46, NDP 6, PSD 4, PBDNJ 3, PASH 3, PAD 3, independents 2 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 77.6 years
male: 74.95 years female: 80.53 years (2007 est.) |
total population: 72.1 years
male: 69.27 years female: 75.14 years (2002 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 9 and over can read and write
total population: 98.7% male: 99.2% female: 98.3% (2001 census) |
definition: age 9 and over can read and write
total population: 93% (1997 est.) male: NA% female: NA% |
| Lokalizacja | Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Grecja w the south and Czarnogora and Serbia to the north | Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Grecja and Federalna Republika Jugoslawii |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Europe | Europe |
| Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Flota handlowa | total: 24 ships (1000 GRT or over) 56,550 GRT/85,521 DWT
by type: cargo 23, roll on/roll off 1 foreign-owned: 1 (Turcja 1) registered w other countries: 3 (Georgia 2, Panama 1) (2007) |
total: 7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,423 GRT/20,837 DWT
ships by type: cargo 7, includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Chorwacja 1, Honduras 1 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko | Land Forces Command (Army), Naval Forces Command, Air Defense Command, General Staff Headquarters (includes Logistics Command, Training and Doctrine Command) (2007) | Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Interior Ministry Troops, Border Guards |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | - | $56.5 million (FY02) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 1.49% (2005 est.) | 1.49% (FY02) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (w wieku poborowym) | - | males age 15-49: 888,086 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (zdolni do sluzby wojskowej) | - | males age 15-49: 727,406 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (wiek zolniezy) | - | 19 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (osoby osiagajace wiek poborowy w ciagu roku) | - | males: 35,792 (2002 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Niepodleglosc Day, 28 listopad (1912) | Niepodleglosc Day, 28 listopad (1912) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Albanian(s)
adjective: Albanian |
noun: Albanian(s)
adjective: Albanian |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought | destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought |
| Surowce naturalne | petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, hydropower | petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, timber, nickel, hydropower |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | -4.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) | -1.46 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Rurociagi | gas 339 km; oil 207 km (2007) | crude oil 196 km; petroleum products 55 km; natural gas 64 km (1996) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Agrarian Environmentalist Party or PAA [Lufter XHUVELI]; Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Nard NDOKA]; Communist Party of Albania or PKSH [Hysni MILLOSHI]; Democratic Alliance Party or AD [Neritan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Legality Movement Party or PLL [Ekrem SPAHIA]; Liberal Union Party or BLD [Arjan STAROVA]; Movement dla National Development or LZhK [Dashamir SHEHI]; National Front Party (Balli Kombetar) or PBK [Adriatik ALIMADHI]; New Democratic Party or PDR [Genc POLLO]; Party of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQIRI]; Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; Social Democracy Party of Albania or PDSSh [Paskal MILO]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Socialist Movement dla Integration or LSI [Ilir META]; Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA]; Union dla Human Rights Party or PBDNj [Vangjel DULE] | Agrarian Party or PASH [Lufter XHUVELI]; Albanian National Front (Balli Kombetar) or PBK [Shptim ROQI]; Albanian Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; Albanian Socialist Party or PS (formerly the Albania Workers Party) [Fatos NANO, chairman]; Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Zef BUSHATI]; Democratic Alliance or PAD [Nerltan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Group of Reformist Democrats [Leonard NDOKA]; Legality Movement Party or PLL [Ekrem SPAHIA]; Liberal Union Party or PBL [Teodor LACO]; New Democratic Party or NDP [Genc POLLO]; OMONIA [Vagjelis DULES]; Party of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQUIRI]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Unity dla Human Rights Party or PBDNJ [Vasil MELO, chairman] |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | Citizens Advocacy Office [Kreshnik SPAHIU]; Confederation of Trade Unions of Albania or KSSH [Kastriot MUCO]; Front dla Albanian National Unification or FBKSH [Gafur ADILI]; Mjaft Movement; Omonia [Jani JANI]; Union of Independent Trade Unions of Albania or BSPSH [Gezim KALAJA] | NA |
| Ludnosc | 3,600,523 (lipiec 2007 est.) | 3,544,841 (lipiec 2002 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | 25% (2004 est.) | 30% (2001 est.) |
| Przyrost naturalny | 0.529% (2007 est.) | 1.06% (2002 est.) |
| Porty i stocznie | - | Durres, Sarande, Shengjin, Vlore |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 13, FM 46, shortwave 1 (2005) | AM 13, FM 4, shortwave 2 (2001) |
| Radia | - | 1 million (2001) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 447 km
standard gauge: 447 km 1.435-m gauge (2006) |
total: 447 km
standard gauge: 447 km 1.435-m gauge (2001 est.) |
| Religie | Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10%
note: percentages are estimates; there are no available current statistics on religious affiliation; all mosques and churches were closed w 1967 and religious observances prohibited; w listopad 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice |
Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10%
note: all mosques and churches were closed w 1967 and religious observances prohibited; w listopad 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.099 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.863 male(s)/female total population: 1.042 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal and compulsory |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: despite new investment w fixed lines, the density of main lines remains low z roughly 10 lines per 100 people; however, cellular telephone use is widespread and generally effective; combined fixed line and mobile telephone density is approximately 60 telephones per 100 persons
domestic: offsetting the shortage of fixed line capacity, mobile phone service has been available since 1996; by 2003 two companies were providing mobile services at a greater density than some of Albania's Balkan neighbors; Internet broadband services initiated w 2005; internet cafes are popular w Tirana and have started to spread outside the capital international: country code - 355; submarine cable provides connectivity to Wlochy, Chorwacja, and Grecja; the Trans-Balkan Line, a combination submarine cable and land fiber optic system, provides additional connectivity to Bulgaria, Macedonia, and Turcja; international traffic carried by fiber-optic cable and, when necessary, by microwave radio relay from the Tirana exchange to Wlochy and Grecja (2007) |
general assessment: Albania has the poorest telephone service w Europe z fewer than two telephones per 100 inhabitants; it is doubtful that every village has telephone service
domestic: obsolete wire system; no longer provides a telephone dla every village; w 1992, following the fall of the Communist government, peasants cut the wire to about 1,000 villages and used it to build fences international: inadequate; international traffic carried by microwave radio relay from the Tirana exchange to Wlochy and Grecja |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 353,600 (2005) | 120,000 (2001) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 1.53 million (2005) | 250,000 (2001) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 65 (3 national, 62 local); 2 cable networks (2005) | 3 (plus 58 repeaters) (2001) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast | mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 2.03 children born/woman (2007 est.) | 2.27 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 13% official rate, but may exceed 30% due to preponderance of near-subsistence farming (2007 est.) | 17% officially (2001 est.); may be as high as 30% (2001) |
| Drogi wodne | 43 km (2007) | 43 km
note: includes Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa (1990) |
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