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Compare Akrotiri (2006) - Mozambique (2006)

Compare Akrotiri (2006) z Mozambique (2006)

 Akrotiri (2006)Mozambique (2006)
 AkrotiriMozambique
Administrative divisions - 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city (cidade)*; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Cidade de Maputo*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia
Age structure - 0-14 years: 42.7% (male 4,229,802/female 4,177,235)


15-64 years: 54.5% (male 5,207,149/female 5,519,291)


65 years and over: 2.8% (male 230,616/female 322,412) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products - cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry
Airports - 158 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 22


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 10


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 5 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 136


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 34


under 914 m: 87 (2006)
Area total: 123 sq km


note: includes a salt lake and wetlands
total: 801,590 sq km


land: 784,090 sq km


water: 17,500 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of California
Background By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area. Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement between FRELIMO and rebel Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) forces ended the fighting in 1992. In December 2004, Mozambique underwent a delicate transition as Joaquim CHISSANO stepped down after 18 years in office. His newly elected successor, Armando Emilio GUEBUZA, has promised to continue the sound economic policies that have encouraged foreign investment.
Birth rate - 35.18 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget - revenues: $1.031 billion


expenditures: $1.93 billion (2005 est.)
Capital name: Episkopi Cantonment; also serves as capital of Dhekelia


geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
name: Maputo


geographic coordinates: 25 58 S, 32 35 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters tropical to subtropical
Coastline 56.3 km 2,470 km
Constitution Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960 30 November 1990
Country name conventional long form: Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Akrotiri
conventional long form: Republic of Mozambique


conventional short form: Mozambique


local long form: Republica de Mocambique


local short form: Mocambique


former: Portuguese East Africa
Death rate - 21.35 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external - $5.456 billion (2005 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Helen LA LIME


embassy: Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo


mailing address: P. O. Box 783, Maputo


telephone: [258] (1) 492797


FAX: [258] (1) 490448
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Armando PANGUENE


chancery: 1990 M Street NW, Suite 570, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 293-7146


FAX: [1] (202) 835-0245
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - $632.8 million (2001)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Akrotiri. All food and manufactured goods must be imported. At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977-92 exacerbated the situation. In 1987, the government embarked on a series of macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy. These steps, combined with donor assistance and with political stability since the multi-party elections in 1994, have led to dramatic improvements in the country's growth rate. Inflation was reduced to single digits during the late 1990s although it returned to double digits in 2000-03. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service, have improved the government's revenue collection abilities. In spite of these gains, Mozambique remains dependent upon foreign assistance for much of its annual budget, and the majority of the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's work force. A substantial trade imbalance persists although the opening of the Mozal aluminum smelter, the country's largest foreign investment project to date, has increased export earnings. In late 2005, and after years of negotiations, the government signed an agreement to gain Portugal's majority share of the Cahora Bassa Hydroelectricity (HCB) company, a dam that was not transferred to Mozambique at independence because of the ensuing civil war and unpaid debts. More power is needed for additional investment projects in titanium extraction and processing and garment manufacturing that could further close the import/export gap. Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt has been reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives, and is now at a manageable level.
Electricity - consumption - 10.46 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports - 9.5 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports - 5.875 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - production - 15.14 billion kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes - lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m
Environment - current issues shooting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - African 99.66% (Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%
Exchange rates - meticais per US dollar - 23,061 (2005), 22,581 (2004), 23,782 (2003), 23,678 (2002), 20,704 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Armando GUEBUZA (since 2 February 2005)


head of government: Prime Minister Luisa DIOGO (since 17 February 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 1-2 December 2004 (next to be held December 2009); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Armando GUEBUZA elected president; percent of vote - Armando GUEBUZA 63.7%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 31.7%
Exports - NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities - aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity
Exports - partners - Belgium 25.5%, South Africa 12.2%, Spain 11.6%, Italy 11.6%, Germany 7.7% (2005)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the UK is used three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 26.2%


industry: 34.8%


services: 39% (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 7.5% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 37 N, 32 58 E 18 15 S, 35 00 E
Geography - note British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus the Zambezi flows through the north-central and most fertile part of the country
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 2.5%


highest 10%: 31.7% (1997)
Illicit drugs - Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish and heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa); corruption and poor regulatory capability makes the banking system vulnerable to money laundering, but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports - NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities - machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners - South Africa 36.3%, Australia 12.8%, India 5.1% (2005)
Independence - 25 June 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate - 3.4% (2000)
Industries - food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), aluminum, petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco
Infant mortality rate - total: 129.24 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 134.31 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 124.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 6.5% (2005 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OIF (observer), OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIS, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land - 1,180 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts


note: although the constitution provides for a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
Labor force - 9.2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture: 81%


industry: 6%


services: 13% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries total: 47.4 km


border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km
total: 4,571 km


border countries: Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
Land use - arable land: 5.43%


permanent crops: 0.29%


other: 94.28% (2005)
Languages English, Greek Emakhuwa 26.1%, Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken by 27% of population as a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican languages 32%, other foreign languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3% (1997 census)
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law
Legislative branch - unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 1-2 December 2004 (next to be held December 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - FRELIMO 62%, RENAMO 29.7%; seats by party - FRELIMO 160, RENAMO 90
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 39.82 years


male: 39.53 years


female: 40.13 years (2006 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 47.8%


male: 63.5%


female: 32.7% (2003 est.)
Location peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus Southeastern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims - territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 2,964 GRT/5,324 DWT


by type: cargo 2


foreign-owned: 2 (Belgium 2) (2006)
Military - note Akrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for British Forces on Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit -
Military branches - Mozambique Armed Defense Forces (FADM): Mozambique Army, Mozambique Navy (Marinha Mocambique, MM), Mozambique Air Force (Forca Aerea de Mocambique, FAM) (2006)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $78.03 million (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.3% (2005 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 25 June (1975)
Nationality - noun: Mozambican(s)


adjective: Mozambican
Natural hazards - severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces
Natural resources - coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines - gas 918 km; refined products 294 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders - Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Armando Emilio GUEBUZA, president]; Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana-Uniao Eleitoral) or RENAMO-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Institute for Peace and Democracy (Instituto para Paz e Democracia) or IPADE [Raul DOMINGOS, president]; Etica [Abdul CARIMO Issa, chairman]; Movement for Peace and Citizenship (Movimento para Paz e Cidadania); Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]; Human Rights and Development (Direitos Humanos e Desenvolvimento) or DHD [Artemisia FRANCO, secretary general]
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,300 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there
19,686,505


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997 Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line - 70% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate - 1.38% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations FM 1


note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006)
AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001)
Railways - total: 3,123 km


narrow gauge: 2,983 km 1.067-m gauge; 140 km 0.762-m gauge (2005)
Religions - Catholic 23.8%, Muslim 17.8%, Zionist Christian 17.5%, other 17.8%, none 23.1% (1997 census)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: fair system but not available generally (extremely low density with less than 1 main line per 100 persons)


domestic: the system consists of open-wire lines and trunk connection by microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter


international: country code - 258; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 69,700 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1.22 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006) 1 (2001)
Terrain - mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
Total fertility rate - 4.62 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate - 21% (1997 est.)
Waterways - 460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake) (2002)
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