Wietnam (2005)
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Wietnam 2005 roku
 | Wietnam (2001) (porownaj) |
 | Wietnam (2002) (porownaj) |
 | Wietnam (2003) (porownaj) |
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Wietnam 2005 roku
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| Podzial administracyjny | 59 provinces (tinh, singular and plural) and 5 municipalities (thu do, singular and plural)
provinces: An Giang, Bac Giang, Bac Kan, Bac Lieu, Bac Ninh, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Ben Tre, Binh Dinh, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Binh Thuan, Ca Mau, Cao Bang, Dac Lak, Dac Nong, Dien Bien, Dong Nai, Dong Thap, Gia Lai, Ha Giang, Hai Duong, Ha Nam, Ha Tay, Ha Tinh, Hau Giang, Hoa Binh, Hung Yen, Khanh Hoa, Kien Giang, Kon Tum, Lai Chau, Lam Dong, Lang Son, Lao Cai, Long An, Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ninh Binh, Ninh Thuan, Phu Tho, Phu Yen, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Quang Ninh, Quang Tri, Soc Trang, Son La, Tay Ninh, Thai Binh, Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa, Thua Thien-Hue, Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Tuyen Quang, Vinh Long, Vinh Phuc, Yen Bai municipalities: Can Tho, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 27.9% (male 12,065,777/female 11,212,299)
15-64 years: 66.4% (male 27,406,456/female 28,024,250) 65 years and over: 5.8% (male 1,889,585/female 2,937,209) (2005 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | paddy rice, coffee, fish and seafood, rubber, cotton, tea, pepper, soybeans, cashews, sugar cane, peanuts, bananas, poultry |
| Lotniska | 24 (2004 est.) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 21
over 3,047 m: 6 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 9 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 3
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Terytorium | total: 329,560 sq km
land: 325,360 sq km water: 4,200 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly larger than New Meksyk |
| Tlo historyczne | The conquest of Wietnam by Francja began w 1858 and was completed by 1884. It became part of French Indochina w 1887. Niepodleglosc was declared after Swiat War II, but the French continued to rule until 1954 when they were defeated by Communist forces under Ho Chi MINH, who took control of the North. US economic and military aid to South Wietnam grew through the 1960s w an attempt to bolster the government, but US armed forces were withdrawn following a cease-fire agreement w 1973. Two years later, North Wietnamese forces overran the South. Despite the return of peace, dla over two decades the country experienced little economic growth because of conservative leadership policies. Since 2001, Wietnamese authorities have committed to economic liberalization and enacted structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. The country continues to experience protests from the Montagnard ethnic minority population of the Central Highlands over loss of land to Wietnamese settlers and religious persecution. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 17.07 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $10.66 billion
expenditures: $13.09 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.8 billion (2004 est.) |
| Stolica | Hanoi |
| Klimat | tropical w south; monsoonal w north z hot, rainy season (mid-maj to mid-September) and warm, dry season (mid-pazdziernik to mid-March) |
| Linia brzegowa | 3,444 km (excludes islands) |
| Konstytucja | 15 kwiecien 1992 |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Socialist Republic of Wietnam
conventional short form: Wietnam local long form: Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Nghia Viet Nam local short form: Viet Nam abbreviation: SRV |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $16.55 billion (2004 est.) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Michael W. MARINE
embassy: 7 Lang Ha Road, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi mailing address: PSC 461, Box 400, FPO AP 96521-0002 telephone: [84] (4) 772-1500 FAX: [84] (4) 772-1510 consulate(s) general: Ho Chi Minh City |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Nguyen Tam CHIEN
chancery: 1233 20th Street NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 861-0737 FAX: [1] (202) 861-0917 consulate(s) general: San Francisco |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | southeast Asian states have enhanced border surveillance to check the spread of avian flu; Kambodza and Laos protest Wietnamese squatters and armed encroachments along border; w 2004 Laotian-Wietnamese boundary commission agrees to erect missing markers w two adjoining provinces; demarcation of the Chiny-Wietnam boundary proceeds slowly and although the maritime boundary delimitation and fisheries agreements were ratified w czerwiec 2004, implementation has been delayed; Chiny occupies Wyspy Paracelskie also claimed by Wietnam and Tajwan; involved w complex dispute z Chiny, Malezja, Filipiny, Tajwan, and possibly Brunei over the Wyspy Spratly; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties w the South Chiny Sea" has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants; Wietnam continues to expand construction of facilities w the Wyspy Spratly; w marzec 2005, the national oil companies of Chiny, the Filipiny, and Wietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities w the Wyspy Spratly |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | $2.8 billion w credits and grants pledged by international donors dla 2000 (2004) |
| Ekonomia | Wietnam is a densely-populated, developing country that w the last 30 years has had to recover from the ravages of war, the loss of financial support from the old Soviet Bloc, and the rigidities of a centrally planned economy. Substantial progress was achieved from 1986 to 1997 w moving forward from an extremely low level of development and significantly reducing poverty. Growth averaged around 9% per year from 1993 to 1997. The 1997 Asian financial crisis highlighted the problems w the Wietnamese economy and temporarily allowed opponents of reform to slow progress towards a market oriented economy. Produkt krajowy brutto growth of 8.5% w 1997 fell to 6% w 1998 and 5% w 1999. Growth then rose to 7% w 2000-04 even against the background of global recession. Since 2001, however, Wietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to economic liberalization and international integration. They have moved to implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. However, equitization of state-owned enterprises and reduction w the proportion of non-performing loans has fallen behind schedule. Wietnam's membership w the ASEAN Free Trade Terytorium (AFTA) and entry into force of the US-Wietnam Bilateral Trade w grudzien 2001 have led to even more rapid changes w Wietnam's trade and economic regime. Wietnam's exports to the US doubled w 2002 and again w 2003. Wietnam is working toward accession to the WTO w 2005. Among other benefits, accession will allow Wietnam to take advantage of the phase out of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, which eliminated quotas on textiles and clothing dla WTO partners on 1 styczen 2005. Wietnam is working to promote job creation to keep up z the country's high population growth rate. However, w 2004, high levels of inflation prompted Wietnamese authorities to tighten monetary and fiscal policies. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 32.06 billion kWh (2002) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 34.48 billion kWh (2002) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: South Chiny Sea 0 m
highest point: Fan Si Pan 3,144 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | logging and slash-and-burn agricultural practices contribute to deforestation and soil degradation; water pollution and overfishing threaten marine life populations; groundwater contamination limits potable water supply; growing urban industrialization and population migration are rapidly degrading environment w Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khome 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nun 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census) |
| Kurs waluty | dong per US dollar - 15,746 (2004), 15,510 (2003), 15,280 (2002), 14,725 (2001), 14,168 (2000) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Tran Duc LUONG (since 24 wrzesien 1997)
head of government: Prime Minister Phan Van KHAI (since 25 wrzesien 1997); First Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Tan DUNG (since 29 wrzesien 1997); Deputy Prime Ministers Vu KHOAN (8 sierpien 2002) and Pham Gia KHIEM (since 29 wrzesien 1997) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president based on proposal of prime minister and ratification of National Assembly elections: president elected by the National Assembly from among its members dla a five-year term; election last held 25 lipiec 2002 (next to be held when National Assembly meets following legislative elections w 2007); prime minister appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers appointed by the prime minister election results: Tran Duc LUONG elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - NA% |
| Eksport | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Eksport | $23.72 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Eksport | 0 cu m (2001 est.) |
| Eksport | NA |
| Eksport - towary | crude oil, marine products, rice, coffee, rubber, tea, garments, shoes |
| Eksport - partnerzy | US 20.2%, Japonia 13.6%, Chiny 9%, Australia 7%, Niemcy 5.9%, Singapur 4.8%, UK 4.6% (2004) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | red z a large yellow five-pointed star w the center |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 21.8%
industry: 40.1% services: 38.1% (2004 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita | purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2004 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 7.7% (2004 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 16 00 N, 106 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | extending 1,650 km north to south, the country is only 50 km across at its narrowest point |
| Autostrady | total: 93,300 km
paved: 23,418 km unpaved: 69,882 km (1999 est.) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 3.6%
highest 10%: 29.9% (1998) |
| Narkotyki | minor producer of opium poppy; probable minor transit point dla Southeast Asian heroin; domestic opium/heroin/methamphetamine addiction problems |
| Import | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Import | $26.31 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Import | 0 cu m (2001 est.) |
| Import | NA |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer, steel products, raw cotton, grain, cement, motorcycles |
| Import - partnerzy | Chiny 13.7%, Tajwan 11.3%, South Korea 10.8%, Japonia 10.5%, Singapur 10.5%, Tajlandia 6.2%, Hong Kong 4% (2004) |
| Niepodleglosc | 2 wrzesien 1945 (from Francja) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 16% (2004 est.) |
| Przemysl | food processing, garments, shoes, machine-building, mining, cement, chemical fertilizer, glass, tires, oil, coal, steel, paper |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 25.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 26.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
| Inflacja | 9.5% (2004 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | ACCT (observer), APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer) |
| Nawadniane tereny | 30,000 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme People's Court (chief justice is elected dla a five-year term by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president) |
| Sila robocza | 42.98 million (2004 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture 63%, industry and services 37% (2000 est.) |
| Granica | total: 4,639 km
border countries: Kambodza 1,228 km, Chiny 1,281 km, Laos 2,130 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 19.97%
permanent crops: 5.95% other: 74.08% (2001) |
| Jezyki | Wietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian) |
| System prawny | based on communist legal theory and French civil law system |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral National Assembly or Quoc-Hoi (498 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 19 maj 2002 (next to be held 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - CPV 90%, other 10% (the 10% are not CPV members but are approved by the CPV to stand dla election); seats by party - CPV 447, CPV-approved 51 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 70.61 years
male: 67.82 years female: 73.6 years (2005 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90.3% male: 93.9% female: 86.9% (2002) |
| Lokalizacja | Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Tajlandia, Gulf of Tonkin, and South Chiny Sea, alongside Chiny, Laos, and Kambodza |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Southeast Asia |
| Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin |
| Flota handlowa | total: 194 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,170,621 GRT/1,798,376 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 18, cargo 142, chemical tanker 3, container 2, liquefied gas 4, petroleum tanker 22, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 1 registered w other countries: 11 (2005) |
| Wojsko | People's Army of Wietnam: Ground Forces, People's Navy Command (includes Naval Infantry), Air and Air Defense Force, Coast Guard |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | $650 million (FY98) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 2.5% (FY98) |
| Swieto narodowe | Niepodleglosc Day, 2 wrzesien (1945) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Wietnamese (singular and plural)
adjective: Wietnamese |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | occasional typhoons (maj to styczen) z extensive flooding, especially w the Mekong River delta |
| Surowce naturalne | phosphates, coal, manganese, bauxite, chromate, offshore oil and gas deposits, forests, hydropower |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | -0.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Rurociagi | condensate/gas 432 km; gas 210 km; oil 3 km; refined products 206 km (2004) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | only party - Communist Party of Wietnam or CPV [Nong Duc MANH, general secretary] |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | none |
| Ludnosc | 83,535,576 (lipiec 2005 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | 28.9% (2002 est.) |
| Przyrost naturalny | 1.04% (2005 est.) |
| Porty i stocznie | Hai Phong, Ho Chi Minh City |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 65, FM 7, shortwave 29 (1999) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 2,600 km
standard gauge: 178 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 2,169 km 1.000-m gauge dual gauge: 253 km three-rail track combining 1.435-m and 1.000-m gauges (2004) |
| Religie | Buddhist 9.3%, Catholic 6.7%, Hoa Hao 1.5%, Cao Dai 1.1%, Protestant 0.5%, Muslim 0.1%, none 80.8% (1999 census) |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: Wietnam is putting considerable effort into modernization and expansion of its telecommunication system, but its performance continues to lag behind that of its more modern neighbors
domestic: all provincial exchanges are digitalized and connected to Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City by fiber-optic cable or microwave radio relay networks; main lines have been substantially increased, and the use of mobile telephones is growing rapidly international: country code - 84; satellite earth stations - 2 Intersputnik (Ocean Indyjski region) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 4.402 million (2003) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 2.742 million (2003) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | at least 7 (plus 13 repeaters) (1998) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | low, flat delta w south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous w far north and northwest |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 1.94 children born/woman (2005 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 1.9% (2004 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | 17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft) (2004) |
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