Samoa (2005)

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Samoa 2005 year


Administrative divisions	11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga, Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga, Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano
Age structure	0-14 years: 27.2% (male 24,517/female 23,660) 15-64 years: 66.4% (male 73,495/female 44,208) 65 years and over: 6.4% (male 5,204/female 6,203) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts, bananas, taro, yams, coffee, cocoa
Airports	4 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 2,944 sq km land: 2,934 sq km water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background	New Zealand occupied the German protectorate of Western Samoa at the outbreak of World War I in 1914. It continued to administer the islands as a mandate and then as a trust territory until 1962, when the islands became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish independence in the 20th century. The country dropped the "Western" from its name in 1997.
Birth rate	15.95 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $105 million expenditures: $119 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2001-02)
Capital	Apia
Climate	tropical; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October)
Coastline	403 km
Constitution	1 January 1962
Country name	conventional long form: Independent State of Samoa conventional short form: Samoa former: Western Samoa
Death rate	6.54 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$197 million (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: US Ambassador to New Zealand is accredited to Samoa embassy: Accident Compensation Board (ACB) Building, 5th Floor, Apia mailing address: P. O. Box 3430, Apia telephone: [685] 21631/22696 FAX: [685] 22030
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Aliioaiga Feturi ELISAIA chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 599-6196, 6197 FAX: [1] (212) 599-0797
Disputes - international	none
Economic aid - recipient	$42.9 million (1995)
Economy - overview	The economy of Samoa has traditionally been dependent on development aid, family remittances from overseas, agriculture, and fishing. The country is vulnerable to devastating storms. Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force, and furnishes 90% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil, and copra. The manufacturing sector mainly processes agricultural products. The decline of fish stocks in the area is a continuing problem. Tourism is an expanding sector, accounting for 25% of GDP; about 88,000 tourists visited the islands in 2001. One factory in the Foreign Trade Zone employs 3,000 people to make automobile electrical harnesses for an assembly plant in Australia. The Samoan Government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline, meantime protecting the environment. Observers point to the flexibility of the labor market as a basic strength for future economic advances. Foreign reserves are in a relatively healthy state, the external debt is stable, and inflation is low.
Electricity - consumption	113.5 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	122 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mauga Silisili (Savaii) 1,857 m
Environment - current issues	soil erosion, deforestation, invasive species, overfishing
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Samoan 92.6%, Euronesians 7% (persons of European and Polynesian blood), Europeans 0.4%
Exchange rates	tala per US dollar - 2.7807 (2004), 2.9732 (2003), 3.3763 (2002), 3.478 (2001), 3.2864 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: Chief Tanumafili II MALIETOA (cochief of state from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole chief of state 5 April 1963) head of government: Prime Minister Sailele Malielegaoi TUILA'EPA (since 1996); note - TUILA'EPA served as deputy prime minister from 1992 and assumed the duties of acting prime minister in 1996, when former Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana resigned in poor health; TUILA'EPA was confirmed as prime minister (November 1998) after TOFILAU died; Deputy Prime Minister MISA Telefoni (since 2001) cabinet: Cabinet consists of 12 members, appointed by the chief of state on the prime minister's advice elections: upon the death of Chief Tanumafili II MALIETOA, a new chief of state will be elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a five-year term; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the chief of state with the approval of the Legislative Assembly
Exports	0 kWh (2002)
Exports	$14 million f.o.b. (2002)
Exports	NA
Exports - commodities	fish, coconut oil and cream, copra, taro, automotive parts, garments, beer
Exports - partners	Australia 67.2%, US 5.7%, Indonesia 5.3% (2004)
Fiscal year	June 1 - May 31
Flag description	red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side quadrant bearing five white five-pointed stars representing the Southern Cross constellation
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 14% industry: 23% services: 63% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $5,600 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	13 35 S, 172 20 W
Geography - note	occupies an almost central position within Polynesia
Highways	total: 790 km paved: 332 km unpaved: 458 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	0 kWh (2002)
Imports	$113 million f.o.b. (2002)
Imports	NA
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs
Imports - partners	New Zealand 25.1%, Fiji 21.5%, Taiwan 9.1%, Australia 8.9%, Singapore 8.5%, Japan 7.5%, US 4.7% (2004)
Independence	1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	2.8% (2000)
Industries	food processing, building materials, auto parts
Infant mortality rate	total: 27.71 deaths/1,000 live births male: 32.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 22.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land	NA
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; District Court; Land and Titles Court
Labor force	90,000 (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	NA
Land boundaries	0 km
Land use	arable land: 21.2% permanent crops: 24.38% other: 54.42% (2001)
Languages	Samoan (Polynesian), English
Legal system	based on English common law and local customs; judicial review of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (49 seats - 47 elected by voters affiliated with traditional village-based electoral districts, 2 elected by independent, mostly non-Samoan or part-Samoan, voters who cannot, (or choose not to) establish a village affiliation; only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Fono from the 47 village-based electorates; members serve five-year terms) elections: election last held 3 March 2001 (next election to be held not later than March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HRPP 30, SNDP 13, independents 6
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.72 years male: 67.93 years female: 73.65 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.7% male: 99.6% female: 99.7% (2003 est.)
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,091 GRT/8,127 DWT by type: cargo 1 foreign-owned: 1 (Germany 1) (2005)
Military - note	Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces; informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship
Military branches	no regular armed services; Samoa Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA
National holiday	Independence Day Celebration, 1 June (1962); note - 1 January 1962 is the date of independence from the New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship, 1 June 1962 is the date that independence is celebrated
Nationality	noun: Samoan(s) adjective: Samoan
Natural hazards	occasional typhoons; active volcanism
Natural resources	hardwood forests, fish, hydropower
Net migration rate	-11.73 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Christian Democratic Party [leader NA]; Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [Sailele Malielegaoi TUILA'EPA, chairman]; Samoan Democratic United Party or SDUP [LE MAMEA Ropati, chairman] (opposition)
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	177,287 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA
Population growth rate	-0.23% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Apia
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	Congregationalist 34.8%, Roman Catholic 19.6%, Methodist 15%, Latter-Day Saints 12.7%, Assembly of God 6.6%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.5%, other Christian 4.5%, Worship Centre 1.3%, other 1.7%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.66 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 1.39 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 685; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	11,800 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	2,700 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	2 (2002)
Terrain	two main islands (Savaii, Upolu) and several smaller islands and uninhabited islets; narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior
Total fertility rate	3.01 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA; note - substantial underemployment

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