Laos (2004)
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Laos 2004 roku
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 | Laos (2002) (porownaj) |
 | Laos (2003) (porownaj) |
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Porownaj z innymi popularnymi panstwami
Laos 2004 roku
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| Podzial administracyjny | 16 provinces (khoueng, singular and plural), 1 municipality* (kampheng nakhon, singular and plural), and 1 special zone** (khetphiset, singular and plural); Attapu, Bokeo, Bolikhamxai, Champasak, Houaphan, Khammouan, Louangnamtha, Louangphrabang, Oudomxai, Phongsali, Salavan, Savannakhet, Viangchan*, Viangchan, Xaignabouli, Xaisomboun**, Xekong, Xiangkhoang |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 41.9% (male 1,277,152; female 1,265,761)
15-64 years: 54.9% (male 1,642,895; female 1,688,175) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 87,995; female 106,139) (2004 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | sweet potatoes, vegetables, corn, coffee, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, tea, peanuts, rice, water buffalo, pigs, cattle, poultry |
| Lotniska | 46 (2003 est.) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 9
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2004 est.) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 35
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 21 (2004 est.) |
| Terytorium | total: 236,800 sq km
land: 230,800 sq km water: 6,000 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly larger than Utah |
| Tlo historyczne | Laos was under the control of Siam (Tajlandia) from the late 18th century until the late 19th century when it became part of French Indochina. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 defined the current Lao border z Tajlandia. In 1975, the Communist Pathet Lao took control of the government, ending a six-century-old monarchy. Initial closer ties to Wietnam and socialization were replaced z a gradual return to private enterprise, a liberalization of foreign investment laws, and the admission into ASEAN w 1997. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 36.47 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $298.5 million
expenditures: $429.9 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.) |
| Stolica | Vientiane |
| Klimat | tropical monsoon; rainy season (maj to listopad); dry season (grudzien to kwiecien) |
| Linia brzegowa | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Konstytucja | promulgated 14 sierpien 1991 |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Lao People's Democratic Republic
conventional short form: Laos local long form: Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao local short form: none |
| Waluta | kip (LAK) |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 12.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $2.49 billion (2001) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Patricia M. HASLACH
embassy: 19 Rue Bartholonie, B. P. 114, Vientiane mailing address: American Embassy, Box V, APO AP 96546 telephone: [856] (21) 212581, 212582, 212585 FAX: [856] (21) 212584 |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador PHANTHONG Phommahaxay
chancery: 2222 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 332-6416 FAX: [1] (202) 332-4923 |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | demarcation of boundaries z Kambodza, Tajlandia, and Wietnam is largely complete, but z Tajlandia several areas including Mekong River islets remain w dispute; ongoing disputes z Tajlandia and Wietnam over squatters; concern among Mekong Commission members that Chiny's construction of dams on the Mekong River will affect water levels |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | $243 million (2001 est.) |
| Ekonomia | The government of Laos - one of the few remaining official Communist states - began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise w 1986. The results, starting from an extremely low base, were striking - growth averaged 7% w 1988-2001 except during the short-lived drop caused by the Asian financial crisis beginning w 1997. Despite this high growth rate, Laos remains a country z a primitive infrastructure; it has no railroads, a rudimentary road system, and limited external and internal telecommunications. Electricity is available w only a few urban areas. Subsistence agriculture accounts dla half of Produkt krajowy brutto and provides 80% of total employment. The economy will continue to benefit from aid from the IMF and other international sources and from new foreign investment w food processing and mining. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 824.7 million kWh (2001) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 400 million kWh (2001) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 1.317 billion kWh (2001) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Mekong River 70 m
highest point: Phou Bia 2,817 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | unexploded ordnance; deforestation; soil erosion; most of the population does not have access to potable water |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | Lao Loum (lowland) 68%, Lao Theung (upland) 22%, Lao Soung (highland) including the Hmong and the Yao 9%, ethnic Wietnamese/Chinese 1% |
| Kurs waluty | kips per US dollar - 10,443 (2003), 10,056.3 (2002), 8,954.58 (2001), 7,887.64 (2000), 7,102.02 (1999) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Gen. KHAMTAI Siphadon (since 26 luty 1998) and Vice President Lt. Gen. CHOUMMALI Saignason (since 27 marzec 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister BOUNGNANG Volachit (since 27 marzec 2001); First Deputy Prime Minister Bouasone BOUPHAVANH (since 3 pazdziernik 2003) Deputy Prime Minister Maj. Gen. ASANG Laoli (since maj 2002), Deputy Prime Minister THONGLOUN Sisolit (since 27 marzec 2001), and Deputy Prime Minister SOMSAVAT Lengsavat (since 26 luty 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the National Assembly elections: president elected by the National Assembly dla a five-year term; election last held 24 luty 2002 (next to be held w 2007); prime minister appointed by the president z the approval of the National Assembly dla a five-year term election results: KHAMTAI Siphandon elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - NA% |
| Eksport | 400 million kWh (2001) |
| Eksport | $332 million (2003 est.) |
| Eksport | NA (2001) |
| Eksport - towary | garments, wood products, coffee, electricity, tin |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Tajlandia 20.7%, Wietnam 15.9%, Francja 7.3%, Niemcy 5.3%, Belgia 4% (2003) |
| Rok podatkowy | 1 pazdziernik - 30 wrzesien |
| Opis flagi | three horizontal bands of red (top), blue (double width), and red z a large white disk centered w the blue band |
| Produkt krajowy brutto | purchasing power parity - $10.32 billion (2003 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 49.4%
industry: 24.5% services: 26.1% (2003 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2003 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 5.5% (2003 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 18 00 N, 105 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | landlocked; most of the country is mountainous and thickly forested; the Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary z Tajlandia |
| Autostrady | total: 21,716 km
paved: 9,664 km unpaved: 12,052 km (1999 est.) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 3.2%
highest 10%: 30.6% (1997) |
| Narkotyki | world's third-largest illicit opium producer (estimated cultivation w 2003 - 18,900 hectares, a 19% decrease over 2002; estimated potential production w 2003 - 200 metric tons, a 11% increase from 2002); potential heroin producer; transshipment point dla heroin and methamphetamine produced w Birma; illicit producer of cannabis; growing methamphetamine abuse problem |
| Import | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Import | $492 million f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
| Import | NA (2001) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, consumer goods |
| Import - partnerzy | Tajlandia 59.4%, Chiny 12.8%, Wietnam 10.2% (2003) |
| Niepodleglosc | 19 lipiec 1949 (from Francja) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 9.7% (2001 est.) |
| Przemysl | tin and gypsum mining, timber, electric power, agricultural processing, construction, garments, tourism |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 87.06 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 97.05 deaths/1,000 live births female: 76.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflacja | 15.3% (2003 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | ACCT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer) |
| Nawadniane tereny | 1,640 sq km
note: rainy season irrigation - 2,169 sq km; dry season irrigation - 750 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Sadownictwo | People's Supreme Court (the president of the People's Supreme Court is elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the National Assembly Standing Committee; the vice president of the People's Supreme Court and the judges are appointed by the National Assembly Standing Committee) |
| Sila robocza | 2.6 million (2001 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture 80% (1997 est.) |
| Granica | total: 5,083 km
border countries: Birma 235 km, Kambodza 541 km, Chiny 423 km, Tajlandia 1,754 km, Wietnam 2,130 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 3.8%
permanent crops: 0.35% other: 95.85% (2001) |
| Jezyki | Lao (official), French, English, and various ethnic languages |
| System prawny | based on traditional customs, French legal norms and procedures, and socialist practice |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral National Assembly (109 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; note - total number of seats increased from 99 to 109 dla the 2002 election)
elections: last held 24 luty 2002 (next to be held w 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - LPRP or LPRP-approved (independent, non-party members) 109 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 54.69 years
male: 52.71 years female: 56.75 years (2004 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 66.4% male: 77.4% female: 55.5% (2002) |
| Lokalizacja | Southeastern Asia, northeast of Tajlandia, west of Wietnam |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Southeast Asia |
| Morskie obszary | none (landlocked) |
| Flota handlowa | total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,370 GRT/3,110 DWT
by type: cargo 1 (2004 est.) |
| Wojsko | Lao People's Army (LPA; including Riverine Force), Air Force |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | $10.9 million (2003) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 0.5% (2003) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (w wieku poborowym) | males age 15-49: 1,456,500 (2004 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (zdolni do sluzby wojskowej) | males age 15-49: 783,800 (2004 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (osoby osiagajace wiek poborowy w ciagu roku) | males: 68,563 (2004 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Republic Day, 2 grudzien (1975) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Lao(s) or Laotian(s)
adjective: Lao or Laotian |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | floods, droughts |
| Surowce naturalne | timber, hydropower, gypsum, tin, gold, gemstones |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Rurociagi | refined products 540 km (2004) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Lao People's Revolutionary Party or LPRP [KHAMTAI Siphandon, party president]; other parties proscribed |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | noncommunist political groups proscribed; most opposition leaders fled the country w 1975 |
| Ludnosc | 6,068,117 (lipiec 2004 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | 40% (2002 est.) |
| Przyrost naturalny | 2.44% (2004 est.) |
| Porty i stocznie | none |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 4 (1998) |
| Religie | Buddhist 60%, animist and other 40% (including various Christian denominations 1.5%) |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: service to general public is poor but improving z over 20,000 telephones currently w service and an additional 48,000 expected by 2001; the government relies on a radiotelephone network to communicate z remote areas
domestic: radiotelephone communications international: country code - 856; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Ocean Indyjski region) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 61,900 (2002) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 55,200 (2002) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 4 (1999) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly rugged mountains; some plains and plateaus |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 4.86 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 5.7% (1997 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | 4,600 km
note: primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,897 additional km are intermittently navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m (2003) |
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