French Guiana (2005)

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French Guiana 2005 year


Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.3% (male 29,262/female 27,947) 15-64 years: 64.7% (male 67,895/female 58,534) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,038/female 5,830) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry
Airports	11 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Indiana
Background	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.
Birth rate	20.7 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)
Capital	Cayenne
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	378 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane
Death rate	4.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$1.2 billion (1988)
Dependency status	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) in French Guiana
Economic aid - recipient	NA
Economy - overview	The economy is tied closely to the much larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.
Electricity - consumption	427.9 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	460.1 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m
Environment - current issues	NA
Ethnic groups	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%
Exchange rates	Euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils
Exports	0 kWh (2002)
Exports	$155 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Exports	NA
Exports - commodities	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing
Exports - partners	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%
Geographic coordinates	4 00 N, 53 00 W
Geography - note	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent
Highways	total: 817 km (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe
Imports	0 kWh (2002)
Imports	$625 million c.i.f. (2002 est.)
Imports	NA
Imports - commodities	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals
Imports - partners	France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002 est.)
Independence	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%
Industries	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining
Infant mortality rate	total: 12.07 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.5% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Irrigated land	20 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)
Labor force	58,800 (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 18.2%, industry 21.2%, services, government, and commerce 60.6% (1980)
Land boundaries	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km
Land use	arable land: 0.14% permanent crops: 0.05% other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)
Languages	French
Legal system	French legal system
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.09 years male: 73.77 years female: 80.58 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)
Location	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname
Map references	South America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 3
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese
Natural hazards	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding
Natural resources	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay
Net migration rate	5.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Paul DEBRIETTE]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP (includes RPR) [Muriel ICARE]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	195,506 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%
Population growth rate	2.1% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Degrad des Cannes
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.04 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	51,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	138,200 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains
Total fertility rate	3.01 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	22% (2001)
Waterways	3,760 km note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)

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