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Gambia, The (2002)

Gambia, The - select year:
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2001) (compare)
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2003) (compare)
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2004) (compare)
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2005) (compare)
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2006) (compare)
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2007) (compare)
Gambia, TheGambia, The (2008) (compare)


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Gambia, The 2002 year

 Gambia, The
Administrative divisions 5 divisions and 1 city*; Banjul*, Central River, Lower River, North Bank, Upper River, Western
Age structure 0-14 years: 45.1% (male 329,530; female 326,627)


15-64 years: 52.3% (male 377,357; female 383,548)


65 years and over: 2.6% (male 20,237; female 18,543) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products peanuts, millet, sorghum, rice, corn, sesame, cassava (tapioca), palm kernels; cattle, sheep, goats; forest and fishery resources not fully exploited
Airports 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 11,300 sq km


land: 10,000 sq km


water: 1,300 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than twice the size of Delaware
Background The Gambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965; it formed a short-lived federation of Senegambia with Senegal between 1982 and 1989. In 1991 the two nations signed a friendship and cooperation treaty. A military coup in 1994 overthrew the president and banned political activity, but a new 1996 constitution and presidential elections, followed by parliamentary balloting in 1997, completed a nominal return to civilian rule. The country undertook another round of presidential and legislative elections in late 2001 and early 2002.
Birth rate 41.25 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $90.5 million


expenditures: $80.9 million, including capital expenditures of $4.1 million (2001 est.)
Capital Banjul
Climate tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler, dry season (November to May)
Coastline 80 km
Constitution 24 April 1970; suspended July 1994; rewritten and approved by national referendum 8 August 1996; reestablished in January 1997
Country name conventional long form: Republic of The Gambia


conventional short form: The Gambia
Currency dalasi (GMD)
Death rate 12.63 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $440 million (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Jackson McDONALD


embassy: Kairaba Avenue, Fajara, Banjul


mailing address: P. M. B. No. 19, Banjul


telephone: [220] 392856, 392858, 391971


FAX: [220] 392475
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Essa Bokar SEY


chancery: Suite 1000, 1155 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 785-1399


FAX: [1] (202) 785-1430
Disputes - international none
Economic aid - recipient $45.4 million (1995) (1995)
Economy - overview The Gambia has no important mineral or other natural resources and has a limited agricultural base. About 75% of the population depends on crops and livestock for its livelihood. Small-scale manufacturing activity features the processing of peanuts, fish, and hides. Reexport trade normally constitutes a major segment of economic activity, but a 1999 government-imposed preshipment inspection plan, and instability of the Gambian dalasi (currency) have drawn some of the reexport trade away from Banjul. The government's 1998 seizure of the private peanut firm Alimenta eliminated the largest purchaser of Gambian groundnuts; the following two marketing seasons have seen substantially lower prices and sales. A decline in tourism in 2000 has also held back growth. Unemployment and underemployment rates are extremely high. Shortrun economic progress remains highly dependent on sustained bilateral and multilateral aid, on responsible government economic management as forwarded by IMF technical help and advice, and on expected growth in the construction sector. Record crops undergirded sturdy growth in 2001.
Electricity - consumption 69.75 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 75 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 53 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; desertification; water-borne diseases prevalent
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups African 99% (Mandinka 42%, Fula 18%, Wolof 16%, Jola 10%, Serahuli 9%, other 4%), non-African 1%
Exchange rates dalasi per US dollar - 15.000 (January 2001), 12.788 (2000), 11.395 (1999), 10.643 (1998), 10.200 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH (since 18 October 1996; note - from 1994 to 1996 was Chairman of the Junta); Vice President Isatou Njie SAIDY (since 20 March 1997); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH (since 18 October 1996; note - from 1994 to 1996 was Chairman of the Junta); Vice President Isatou Njie SAIDY (since 20 March 1997); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; the number of terms is not restricted; election last held 18 October 2001 (next to be held NA October 2006)


election results: Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH reelected president; percent of vote - Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH 52.9%, Ousainou DARBOE 32.7%
Exports 0 kWh (2000)
Exports $139.2 million f.o.b. (2001)
Exports - commodities peanuts and peanut products, fish, cotton lint, palm kernels
Exports - partners Benelux 26%, Japan 15%, UK 14%, Brazil 7% (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue with white edges, and green
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.5 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 21%


industry: 12%


services: 67% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,770 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.7% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 28 N, 16 34 W
Geography - note almost an enclave of Senegal; smallest country on the continent of Africa
Highways total: 2,700 km


paved: 956 km


unpaved: 1,744 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports 0 kWh (2000)
Imports $200.3 million f.o.b. (2001)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, manufactures, fuel, machinery and transport equipment
Imports - partners China (including Hong Kong) 18%, UK 10%, Netherlands 8%, France 6%, Brazil 6% (2000)
Independence 18 February 1965 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA%
Industries processing peanuts, fish, and hides; tourism; beverages; agricultural machinery assembly, woodworking, metalworking; clothing
Infant mortality rate 76.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4% (2001 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2001)
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court
Labor force 400,000 400,000
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%, industry, commerce, and services 19%, government 6%
Land boundaries total: 740 km


border countries: Senegal 740 km
Land use arable land: 19.5%


permanent crops: 0.5%


other: 80% (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous vernaculars
Legal system based on a composite of English common law, Koranic law, and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (53 seats; 48 elected by popular vote, five appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 17 January 2002 (next to be held NA January 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - APRC 45, PDOIS 2, NRP 1,
Life expectancy at birth total population: 53.98 years


male: 52.02 years


female: 56.01 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 47.5%


male: 58.4%


female: 37.1% (2001 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and Senegal
Map references Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 18 NM


continental shelf: not specified


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine none (2002 est.)
Military branches Gambian National Army (GNA) (includes marine unit), National Police, Presidential Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1.2 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.3% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 327,677 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 165,249 (2002 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 18 February (1965)
Nationality noun: Gambian(s)


adjective: Gambian
Natural hazards drought (rainfall has dropped by 30% in the last 30 years)
Natural resources fish
Net migration rate 2.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction or APRC [Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH]; Gambian People's Party-Progressive People's Party-United Democratic Party or GPP-PPP-UDP Coalition [Ousainou DARBOE]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sheriff DIBBA]; National Reconciliation Party or NRP [Hamat N. K. BAH]; People's Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism or PDOIS [Sidia JATTA]


note: in August 2001, an independent electoral commission allowed the reregistration of the GPP, NCP, and PPP, three parties banned since 1996
Political pressure groups and leaders NA
Population 1,455,842 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA%
Population growth rate 3.09% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Banjul
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)
Radios 196,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km
Religions Muslim 90%, Christian 9%, indigenous beliefs 1%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate; a packet switched data network is available


domestic: adequate network of microwave radio relay and open wire


international: microwave radio relay links to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 31,900 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 5,624 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 1 (government-owned) (1997)
Terrain flood plain of the Gambia river flanked by some low hills
Total fertility rate 5.61 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate NA%
Waterways 400 km
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