Francja (2004)
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Francja 2004 roku
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 | Francja (2002) (porownaj) |
 | Francja (2003) (porownaj) |
 | Francja (2005) (porownaj) |
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 | Francja (2007) (porownaj) |
| Francja (2008) (porownaj) |
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Francja 2004 roku
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| Podzial administracyjny | 22 regions (regions, singular - region); Alsace, Aquitaine, Auvergne, Basse-Normandie, Bourgogne, Bretagne, Centre, Champagne-Ardenne, Corse, Franche-Comte, Haute-Normandie, Ile-de-Francja, Languedoc-Roussillon, Limousin, Lorraine, Midi-Pyrenees, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Pays de la Loire, Picardie, Poitou-Charentes, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Rhone-Alpes
note: metropolitan Francja is divided into 22 regions (including the "territorial collectivity" of Corse or Corsica) and is subdivided into 96 departments; see separate entries dla the overseas departments (Gujana Francuska, Gwadelupa, Martynika, Reunion) and the overseas territorial collectivities (Majotta, Saint-Pierre i Miquelon) |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 18.5% (male 5,724,185; female 5,446,716)
15-64 years: 65.1% (male 19,698,497; female 19,663,776) 65 years and over: 16.4% (male 4,049,970; female 5,841,069) (2004 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | wheat, cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; beef, dairy products; fish |
| Lotniska | 477 (2003 est.) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 283
over 3,047 m: 13 2,438 to 3,047 m: 28 1,524 to 2,437 m: 95 914 to 1,523 m: 82 under 914 m: 65 (2004 est.) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 195
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 72 under 914 m: 120 (2004 est.) |
| Terytorium | total: 547,030 sq km
land: 545,630 sq km water: 1,400 sq km note: includes only metropolitan Francja; excludes the overseas administrative divisions |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly less than twice the size of Colorado |
| Tlo historyczne | Although ultimately a victor w Swiat Wars I and II, Francja suffered extensive losses w its empire, wealth, manpower, and rank as a dominant nation-state. Nevertheless, Francja today is one of the most modern countries w the world and is a leader among European nations. Since 1958, it has constructed a presidential democracy resistant to the instabilities experienced w earlier parliamentary democracies. In recent years, its reconciliation and cooperation z Niemcy have proved central to the economic integration of Europe, including the introduction of a common exchange currency, the euro, w styczen 1999. At present, Francja is at the forefront of efforts to develop the EU's military capabilities to supplement progress toward an EU foreign policy. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 12.34 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $882.8 billion
expenditures: $955.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $23 billion (2003 est.) |
| Stolica | Paris |
| Klimat | generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral |
| Linia brzegowa | 3,427 km |
| Konstytucja | 28 wrzesien 1958, amended concerning election of president w 1962, amended to comply z provisions of 1992 EC Maastricht Treaty, 1996 Amsterdam Treaty, 2000 Treaty of Nice; amended to tighten immigration laws w 1993; amended w 2000 to change the seven-year presidential term to a five-year term |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: French Republic
conventional short form: Francja local long form: Republique Francaise local short form: Francja |
| Waluta | euro (EUR)
note: on 1 styczen 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 styczen 2002, the euro became the sole currency dla everyday transactions within the member countries |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 9.06 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | NA |
| Zalezne tereny | Bassas da Indie, Clipperton, Europa (wyspa), Polinezja Francuska, Francuskie Terytoria Poludniowe i Antarktyczne, Wyspy Glorioso, Juan de Nova, Nowa Kaledonia, Wyspa Tromelin, Wallis i Futuna
note: the US does not recognize claims to Antarktyda |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Howard H. LEACH
embassy: 2 Avenue Gabriel, 75008 Paris Cedex 08 mailing address: PSC 116, APO AE 09777 telephone: [33] (1) 43-12-22-22 FAX: [33] (1) 42 66 97 83 consulate(s) general: Marseille, Strasbourg |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Jean-David LEVITTE
chancery: 4101 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 944-6000 FAX: [1] (202) 944-6166 consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | Madagaskar claims Bassas da Indie, Europa (wyspa), Wyspy Glorioso, and Juan de Nova; Komory claims Majotta; Mauritius claims Wyspa Tromelin; territorial dispute between Surinam and Gujana Francuska; territorial claim w Antarktyda (Adelie Land); Matthew and Hunter Islands, east of Nowa Kaledonia, claimed by Francja and Vanuatu |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - udzielanie | ODA, $5.4 billion (2002) |
| Ekonomia | Francja is w the midst of transition, from a well-to-do modern economy that has featured extensive government ownership and intervention to one that relies more on market mechanisms. The Socialist-led government partially or fully privatized many large companies, banks, and insurers, but the government retains controlling stakes w several leading firms, including Air Francja, Francja Telecom, Renault, and Thales, and is dominant w some sectors, particularly power, public transport, and defense industries. The telecommunications sector is gradually being opened to competition. Francja's leaders remain committed to a capitalism w which they maintain social equity by means of laws, tax policies, and social spending that reduce income disparity and the impact of free markets on public health and welfare. The current government has lowered income taxes and introduced measures to boost employment. The government is focusing on the problems of the high cost of labor and labor market inflexibility resulting from the 35-hour workweek and restrictions on lay-offs. The government is also pushing dla pension reforms and simplification of administrative procedures. The tax burden remains one of the highest w Europe (43.8% of Produkt krajowy brutto w 2003). The current economic slowdown and inflexible budget items have pushed the 2003 deficit to 4% of Produkt krajowy brutto, above the EU's 3% debt limit. Business investment remains listless because of low rates of capital utilization, sluggish demand, high debt, and the steep cost of capital. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 415.3 billion kWh (2001) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 72.6 billion kWh (2001) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 4.2 billion kWh (2001) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 520.1 billion kWh (2001) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Rhone River delta -2 m
highest point: Mont Blanc 4,807 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | some forest damage from acid rain; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from urban wastes, agricultural runoff |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants |
| Grupy etniczne | Celtic and Latin z Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities |
| Kurs waluty | euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 maj 1995)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Pierre RAFFARIN (since 7 maj 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the suggestion of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote dla a five-year term (changed from seven-year term w pazdziernik 2000); election last held 21 kwiecien and 5 maj 2002 (next to be held, first round kwiecien 2007, second round maj 2007); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly majority and appointed by the president election results: Jacques CHIRAC reelected president; percent of vote, second ballot - Jacques CHIRAC (RPR) 81.96%, Jean-Marie LE PEN (FN) 18.04% |
| Eksport | 72.6 billion kWh (2001) |
| Eksport | $346.5 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
| Eksport | 1.725 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Eksport | 409,600 bbl/day (2001) |
| Eksport - towary | machinery and transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, iron and steel, beverages |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Niemcy 14.9%, Hiszpania 9.6%, UK 9.4%, Wlochy 9.3%, Belgia 7.2%, US 6.8% (2003) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and red; known as the "Le drapeau tricolore" (French Tricolor), the origin of the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution; the design and/or colors are similar to a number of other flags, including those of Belgia, Czad, Irlandia, Cote d'Ivoire, Luksemburg, and Holandia; the official flag dla all French dependent areas |
| Produkt krajowy brutto | purchasing power parity - $1.661 trillion (2003 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 2.7%
industry: 24.4% services: 72.9% (2003 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita | purchasing power parity - $27,600 (2003 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 0.5% (2003 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 46 00 N, 2 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | largest West European nation |
| Ladowiska helikopterow | 3 (2003 est.) |
| Autostrady | total: 894,000 km
paved: 894,000 km (including 11,500 km of expressways) unpaved: 0 km (2000) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 2.8%
highest 10%: 25.1% (1995) |
| Narkotyki | transshipment point dla and consumer of South American cocaine, Southwest Asian heroin, and European synthetics |
| Import | 4.2 billion kWh (2001) |
| Import | $339.9 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
| Import | 40.26 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Import | 2.281 million bbl/day (2001) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft, plastics, chemicals |
| Import - partnerzy | Niemcy 19.1%, Belgia 9.4%, Wlochy 9%, Hiszpania 7.4%, Holandia 7%, UK 7%, US 5.4% (2003) |
| Niepodleglosc | 486 (unified by Clovis) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | -0.3% (2003) |
| Przemysl | machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics; textiles, food processing; tourism |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 4.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.83 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflacja | 2.1% (2003 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | ABEDA, ACCT, AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FZ, G- 5, G- 7, G- 8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UN Security Council, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WADB (nonregional), WCL, WCO, WEU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC |
| Nawadniane tereny | 20,000 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (judges are appointed by the president from nominations of the High Council of the Judiciary); Konstytucjaal Council or Conseil Konstytucjanel (three members appointed by the president, three appointed by the president of the National Assembly, and three appointed by the president of the Senate); Council of State or Conseil d'Etat |
| Sila robocza | 27.39 million (2003 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture 4.1%, industry 24.4%, services 71.5% (1999) |
| Granica | total: 2,889 km
border countries: Andora 56.6 km, Belgia 620 km, Niemcy 451 km, Wlochy 488 km, Luksemburg 73 km, Monako 4.4 km, Hiszpania 623 km, Szwajcaria 573 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 33.53%
permanent crops: 2.07% other: 64.4% (2001) |
| Jezyki | French 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish) |
| System prawny | civil law system z indigenous concepts; review of administrative but not legislative acts |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate or Senat (321 seats - 296 dla metropolitan Francja, 13 dla overseas departments and territories, and 12 dla French nationals abroad; members are indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve nine-year terms; elected by thirds every three years); note - between now and 2010, 25 new seats will be added to the Senate dla a total of 346 seats - 326 dla metropolitan Francja and overseas departments, 2 dla Nowa Kaledonia, 2 dla Majotta, 1 dla Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, 3 dla overseas territories, and 12 dla French nationals abroad; members will be indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve six-year terms, z one-half the seats being renewed every three years; and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (577 seats; members are elected by popular vote under a single-member majoritarian system to serve five-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held 26 wrzesien 2004 (next to be held wrzesien 2007); National Assembly - last held 8-16 czerwiec 2002 (next to be held not later than czerwiec 2007) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 156, PS 97, UDF 33, PCF 23, RDSE 15, other 7; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 355, PS 140, UDF 29, PCF 21, Radical Party 7, Greens 3, other 22 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 79.44 years
male: 75.8 years female: 83.27 years (2004 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1980 est.) |
| Lokalizacja | Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgia and Hiszpania, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Wlochy and Hiszpania |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Europe |
| Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm (does not apply to the Mediterranean) continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
| Flota handlowa | total: 32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 703,639 GRT/889,705 DWT
by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 6, container 2, liquefied gas 4, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 10, roll on/roll off 2, short-sea/passenger 4 foreign-owned: Niemcy 1, Monako 2, Nowa Kaledonia 1, Szwecja 5 registered w other countries: 118 (2004 est.) |
| Wojsko | Army (includes Marines, Foreign Legion, Army Light Aviation), Navy (including naval air), Air Force (including Air Defense), National Gendarmerie |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | $45,238.1 million (2003) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 2.6% (2003) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (w wieku poborowym) | males age 15-49: 14,487,165 (2004 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (zdolni do sluzby wojskowej) | males age 15-49: 12,044,827 (2004 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (osoby osiagajace wiek poborowy w ciagu roku) | males: 394,413 (2004 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Bastille Day, 14 lipiec (1789) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)
adjective: French |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires w south near the Mediterranean |
| Surowce naturalne | coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorospar, gypsum, timber, fish |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | 0.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Rurociagi | gas 14,232 km; oil 3,024 km; refined products 4,889 km (2004) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Citizen and Republican Movement or MCR [Jean Pierre CHEVENEMENT]; Democratic and European Social Rally or RDSE (mainly RAD. and PRG) [Jacques PELLETIER]; French Communist Party or PCF [Marie-George BUFFET]; Left Radical Party or PRG (previously Radical Socialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical Movement or MRG) [Jean-Michel BAYLET]; Movement dla Francja or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS]; Rally dla Francja or RPF [Charles PASQUA]; Socialist Party or PS [Francois HOLLANDE]; Greens [Gilles LEMAIRE, Francine BAVAY, Jean DESESSARD, Christophe PORQUIER, Maud LELIEVRE]; Union dla French Democracy or UDF [Francois BAYROU]; Union dla a Popular Movement or UMP (including RPR, DL, and a part of UDF) [Nicolas SARKOZY] |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | historically-Communist labor union (Confederation Generale du Travail) or CGT, approximately 700,000 members (claimed); left-leaning labor union (Confederation Francaise Democratique du Travail) or CFDT, approximately 889,000 members (claimed); independent labor union (Confederation Generale du Travail - Force Ouvriere) or FO, 300,000 members (est.); independent white-collar union (Confederation Generale des Cadres) or CGC, 196,000 members (claimed); employers' union (Mouvement des Entreprises de Francja) or MEDEF, 750,000 companies as members (claimed) |
| Ludnosc | 60,424,213 (lipiec 2004 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | 6.5% (2000) |
| Przyrost naturalny | 0.39% (2004 est.) |
| Porty i stocznie | Bordeaux, Boulogne, Cherbourg, Dijon, Dunkerque, La Pallice, Le Havre, Lyon, Marseille, Mulhouse, Nantes, Paris, Rouen, Saint Nazaire, Saint Malo, Strasbourg (2003) |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 41, FM about 3,500 (this figure is an approximation and includes many repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 32,175 km
standard gauge: 32,008 km 1.435-m gauge (14,320 km electrified) narrow gauge: 167 km 1.000-m gauge (2003) |
| Religie | Roman Catholic 83%-88%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, Muslim 5%-10%, unaffiliated 4% |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: highly developed
domestic: extensive cable and microwave radio relay; extensive introduction of fiber-optic cable; domestic satellite system international: country code - 33; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (with total of 5 antennas - 2 dla Ocean Indyjski and 3 dla Ocean Atlantycki), NA Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat (Ocean Atlantycki region); HF radiotelephone communications z more than 20 countries |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 33,905,400 (2003) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 41,683,100 (2003) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 584 (plus 9,676 repeaters) (1995) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills w north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees w south, Alps w east |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 1.85 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 9.7% (2003 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | 8,500 km (1,686 km accessible to craft of 3,000 metric tons) (2000) |
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