Arabia Saudyjska (2006)
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Arabia Saudyjska 2006 roku
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Arabia Saudyjska 2006 roku
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| Podzial administracyjny | 13 provinces (mintaqat, singular - mintaqah); Al Bahah, Al Hudud ash Shamaliyah, Al Jawf, Al Madinah, Al Qasim, Ar Riyad, Ash Sharqiyah (Eastern Province), 'Asir, Ha'il, Jizan, Makkah, Najran, Tabuk |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 38.2% (male 5,261,530/female 5,059,041)
15-64 years: 59.4% (male 9,159,519/female 6,895,616) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 342,020/female 302,005) (2006 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | wheat, barley, tomatoes, melons, dates, citrus; mutton, chickens, eggs, milk |
| Lotniska | 208 (2006) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 73
over 3,047 m: 32 2,438 to 3,047 m: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 24 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2006) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 135
over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 75 914 to 1,523 m: 40 under 914 m: 12 (2006) |
| Terytorium | total: 1,960,582 sq km
land: 1,960,582 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly more than one-fifth the size of the US |
| Tlo historyczne | In 1902, ABD AL-AZIZ bin Abd al-Rahman Al Saud captured Riyadh and set out on a 30-year campaign to unify the Arabian Peninsula. A son of ABD AL-AZIZ rules the country today, and the country's Basic Law stipulates that the throne shall remain w the hands of the aging sons and grandsons of the kingdom's founder. Following Irak's invasion of Kuwejt w 1990, Arabia Saudyjska accepted the Kuwejti royal family and 400,000 refugees while allowing Western and Arab troops to deploy on its soil dla the liberation of Kuwejt the following year. The continuing presence of foreign troops on Saudi soil after Operation Desert Storm remained a source of tension between the royal family and the public until the US military's near-complete withdrawal to neighboring Katar w 2003. The first major terrorist attacks w Arabia Saudyjska w several years, which occurred w maj and listopad 2003, prompted renewed efforts on the part of the Saudi government to counter domestic terrorism and extremism, which also coincided z a slight upsurge w media freedom and announcement of government plans to phase w partial political representation. As part of this effort, the government permitted elections - held nationwide from luty through kwiecien 2005 - dla half the members of 179 municipal councils. A burgeoning population, aquifer depletion, and an economy largely dependent on petroleum output and prices are all ongoing governmental concerns. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 29.34 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $143.7 billion
expenditures: $89.65 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2005 est.) |
| Stolica | name: Riyadh
geographic coordinates: 24 38 N, 46 43 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Klimat | harsh, dry desert z great temperature extremes |
| Linia brzegowa | 2,640 km |
| Konstytucja | governed according to Shari'a law; the Basic Law that articulates the government's rights and responsibilities was introduced w 1993 |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Kingdom of Arabia Saudyjska
conventional short form: Arabia Saudyjska local long form: Al Mamlakah al Arabiyah as Suudiyah local short form: Al Arabiyah as Suudiyah |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 2.58 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $36.78 billion (2005 est.) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador James C. OBERWETTER
embassy: Collector Road M, Diplomatic Quarter, Riyadh mailing address: American Embassy, Unit 61307, APO AE 09803-1307; International Mail: P. O. Box 94309, Riyadh 11693 telephone: [966] (1) 488-3800 FAX: [966] (1) 488-3989 consulate(s) general: Dhahran, Jiddah (Jeddah) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador TURKI al-Faysal bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud
chancery: 601 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 342-3800 FAX: [1] (202) 944-3113 consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | despite resistance from nomadic groups, the demarcation of the Arabia Saudyjska-Jemen boundary established under the 2000 Jeddah Treaty is almost complete; Arabia Saudyjska still maintains the concrete-filled pipe as a security barrier along sections of the border z Jemen w 2004 to stem illegal cross-border activities; Kuwejt and Arabia Saudyjska continue discussions on a maritime boundary z Iran; the United Arab Emirate 2006 Yearbook published a map and text rescinding the 1974 boundary z Arabia Saudyjska, as stipulated w a treaty filed z the UN w 1993, on the grounds that the agreement was not formally ratified |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - udzielanie | pledged $100 million w 1993 to fund reconstruction of Liban; since 2000, Arabia Saudyjska has committed $307 million dla assistance to the Palestinians; pledged $230 million to development w Afganistan; pledged $1 billion w export guarantees and soft loans to Irak; pledged $133 million w direct grant aid, $187 million w concessional loans, and $153 million w export credits dla Pakistan earthquake relief |
| Ekonomia | This is an oil-based economy z strong government controls over major economic activities. Arabia Saudyjska possesses 25% of the world's proven petroleum reserves, ranks as the largest exporter of petroleum, and plays a leading role w OPEC. The petroleum sector accounts dla roughly 75% of budget revenues, 45% of Produkt krajowy brutto, and 90% of export earnings. About 40% of Produkt krajowy brutto comes from the private sector. Roughly 5.5 million foreign workers play an important role w the Saudi economy, particularly, w the oil and service sectors. The government is encouraging private sector growth to lessen the kingdom's dependence on oil and increase employment opportunities dla the swelling Saudi population. The government has begun to permit private sector and foreign investor participation w the power generation and telecom sectors. As part of its effort to attract foreign investment and diversify the economy, Arabia Saudyjska acceded to the WTO w 2005 after many years of negotiations. With high oil revenues enabling the government to post large budget surpluses, Riyadh has been able to substantially boost spending on job training and education, infrastructure development, and government salaries. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 134.9 billion kWh (2003) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 145.1 billion kWh (2003) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Jabal Sawda' 3,133 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | desertification; depletion of underground water resources; the lack of perennial rivers or permanent water bodies has prompted the development of extensive seawater desalination facilities; coastal pollution from oil spills |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10% |
| Kurs waluty | Saudi riyals per US dollar - 3.747 (2005), 3.75 (2004), 3.75 (2003), 3.75 (2002), 3.75 (2001) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: King and Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 1 sierpien 2005); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SULTAN bin Abd al- Aziz Al Saud (half brother of the monarch, born 5 styczen 1928) note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: King and Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 1 sierpien 2005); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SULTAN bin Abd al- Aziz Al Saud (half brother of the monarch, born 5 styczen 1928) note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers is appointed by the monarch and includes many royal family members elections: none; the monarch is hereditary |
| Eksport | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Eksport | $165 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.) |
| Eksport | 0 cu m (2002) |
| Eksport | 7.92 million bbl/day (2003) |
| Eksport - towary | petroleum and petroleum products 90% |
| Eksport - partnerzy | US 16.4%, Japonia 16.1%, South Korea 9.1%, Chiny 6.9%, Singapur 5.1%, Tajwan 4.2% (2005) |
| Rok podatkowy | 1 marzec - 28 luty |
| Opis flagi | green, a traditional color w Islamic flags, z the Shahada or Muslim creed w large white Arabic script (translated as "There is no god but God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God") above a white horizontal saber (the tip points to the hoist side); design dates to the early twentieth century and is closely associated z the Al Saud family which established the kingdom w 1932 |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 3.3%
industry: 61.3% services: 35.4% (2005 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 6.5% (2005 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 25 00 N, 45 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | extensive coastlines on Persian Gulf and Red Sea provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through Persian Gulf and Suez Canal |
| Ladowiska helikopterow | 6 (2006) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Narkotyki | death penalty dla traffickers; increasing consumption of heroin, cocaine, and hashish; improving anti-money-laundering legislation and enforcement |
| Import | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Import | $44.93 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.) |
| Import | 0 cu m (2002) |
| Import | 0 bbl/day (2003) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor vehicles, textiles |
| Import - partnerzy | US 13%, Niemcy 9.5%, Japonia 7.9%, Chiny 7.3%, Francja 4.7%, Wlochy 4.2% (2005) |
| Niepodleglosc | 23 wrzesien 1932 (unification of the kingdom) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 5.3% (2005 est.) |
| Przemysl | crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals; ammonia, industrial gases, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), cement, fertilizer, plastics; metals, commercial ship repair, commercial aircraft repair, construction |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 12.81 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
| Inflacja | 0.4% (2005 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, BIS, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNRWA, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO |
| Nawadniane tereny | 16,200 sq km (2003) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme Council of Justice |
| Sila robocza | 6.76 million
note: more than 35% of the population w the 15-64 age group is non-national (2005 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture: 12%
industry: 25% services: 63% (1999 est.) |
| Granica | total: 4,431 km
border countries: Irak 814 km, Jordania 744 km, Kuwejt 222 km, Oman 676 km, Katar 60 km, UAE 457 km, Jemen 1,458 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 1.67%
permanent crops: 0.09% other: 98.24% (2005) |
| Jezyki | Arabic |
| System prawny | based on Shari'a law, several secular codes have been introduced; commercial disputes handled by special committees; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura (120 members and a chairman appointed by the monarch dla four-year terms); note - w pazdziernik 2003, Council of Ministers announced its intent to introduce elections dla half of the members of local and provincial assemblies and a third of the members of the national Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura, incrementally over a period of four to five years; w listopad 2004, the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs initiated voter registration dla partial municipal council elections held nationwide from luty through kwiecien 2005 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 75.67 years
male: 73.66 years female: 77.78 years (2006 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 78.8% male: 84.7% female: 70.8% (2003 est.) |
| Lokalizacja | Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Jemen |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Middle East |
| Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 18 nm continental shelf: not specified |
| Flota handlowa | total: 60 ships (1000 GRT or over) 837,272 GRT/1,064,377 DWT
by type: cargo 5, chemical tanker 15, container 4, passenger/cargo 8, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 9 foreign-owned: 9 (Egipt 2, Kuwejt 5, Sudan 1, UAE 1) registered w other countries: 55 (Bahamas 12, Komory 3, Dominika 3, Francuskie Terytoria Poludniowe i Antarktyczne 1, Liberia 24, Wyspy Marshalla 1, Norwegia 3, Panama 8) (2006) |
| Wojsko | Land Forces (Army), Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force, National Guard, Ministry of Interior Forces (paramilitary) |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | $18 billion (2002) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 10% (2002) |
| Swieto narodowe | Unification of the Kingdom, 23 wrzesien (1932) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Saudi(s)
adjective: Saudi or Arabia Saudyjskan |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | frequent sand and dust storms |
| Surowce naturalne | petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, copper |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | -4.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Rurociagi | condensate 212 km; gas 1,880 km; liquid petroleum gas 1,183 km; oil 4,531 km; refined products 1,150 km (2006) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | none |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | none |
| Ludnosc | 27,019,731
note: includes 5,576,076 non-nationals (lipiec 2006 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | NA% |
| Przyrost naturalny | 2.18% (2006 est.) |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 43, FM 31, shortwave 2 (1998) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 1,392 km
standard gauge: 1,392 km 1.435-m gauge (with branch lines and sidings) (2005) |
| Religie | Muslim 100% |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.33 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.13 male(s)/female total population: 1.2 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | adult male citizens age 21 or older
note: voter registration began w listopad 2004 dla partial municipal council elections held nationwide from luty through kwiecien 2005 |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: modern system
domestic: extensive microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable systems international: country code - 966; microwave radio relay to Bahrajn, Jordania, Kuwejt, Katar, UAE, Jemen, and Sudan; coaxial cable to Kuwejt and Jordania; submarine cable to Dzibuti, Egipt and Bahrajn; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (3 Ocean Atlantycki and 2 Ocean Indyjski), 1 Arabsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Ocean Indyjski region) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 3.8 million (2005) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 13.3 million (2005) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 117 (1997) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly uninhabited, sandy desert |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 4 children born/woman (2006 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 13% among Saudi males only (local bank estimate; some estimates range as high as 25%) (2004 est.) |
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